Shedding and shuttle-actuating mechanism for looms



Feb. 15 19 27 J. E. GROSVENOR ET AL' SHED'DING AND SHUTTLE ACTUA' IINGMECHANISM FOR LUOMS Filed Dec. 15, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheetl Feb. 15, 1927.

- 1,617,388 J. E. GROSVENOR ET AL I snsnnme AND SHUTTLE ACTUATINGMECHANISM FOR Looms Filed Dec. 13, 1925 s Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 15, 1927.

J. E. GROSVENOR ET AL SHEDDING AND SHUTTLE ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR LOOMSFiled Dec. 15, 1923 s sheets -shet 5 I I; f5

Patented Feb. 15, i927.

t me E Es i JOHN ERNEST GROSVENOR, OF CHADDESLEY COBBETT, AND WILLIAMTHOMAS V PICKING, OF KIDDERMINSTER, ENGLAND.

SHEDDING AND SHUTTLE-ACTUATING MECHANISM FOR'LOOMS.

Application filed December 13, 1923, Serial No. 680,398, and. in GreatBritain December 23, 192 2.

In the production of certain kinds of woven fabrics wherein the groundor body is of considerable weight or thickness, as for example isthecase in pile, loop and other types of carpet, great strain is put uponthe. warp operating mechanism through which a large amount of power hasto be exerted in raising and depressing the threads of warp which formthe pile and body ofthe fabric. To obviate these undesirable andcomparatively expensive disadvantages, by the employment of means andfollowing the method hereinafter explained (by following which wedispense with all the shedding movements of the warp threads: exceptthose which form the binding chain of warp and the pile, loop or patternpart of the fabric) is the object of our present invention.

In the accompanying sheets of drawings which are illustrative of ourinvention Fig. 1 shows the warp threads with the central and pile warpsin the positions required to carry out our invention. The two shuttleswhich we use are shown as passing between the upper and lower warpthreads and above and below the central warp threads, each shuttlehaving a cross sectional contour that meets the requirements of the gpath through which it has to travel.

Fig. 2 is a similar view to Fig. 1, but illustrates a shuttle above thecentral warp threads. which shuttle is of the same cross sectionalcontour as the one for passing be low said threads. e are enabled tomake use of this form of shuttleby the employment of mean hereinafterexplained.

Fig. 3 is a similar view to Fig. 2 showing the same form of shuttle butpassing below the central threads. 1

Fig. 4 is an elevation showing a cam of the type used for operating thewarp threads in manner hereinafter described.

Fig. 5 is a front elevation of sufficient of the motor parts of a loomto show the application thereto of our improved devices.

Fig. 6 is a plan of the shuttle boxes and aportion of the slayboard orlay bottom, said shuttle boxes having our improved parts added theretoas is hereinafter explained.

Fig. 7 is a sectional end elevation, taken substantially on line 'A.B ofFig. 6, cer tain parts being added thereto for operating the picker.

Fig. 8 is a sectional end elevation. substantially on the line CD ofFig. 6 and shows shuttle boxes from which the shuttles are thrown topass through the two sheds of warp arranged according to our invention 7i Fig. 9 is a drawing in detail of a member which we employ for raisingand lowering the. picker to carry same from being in alignment withonelshuttle race or path to be in alignment with the other shuttle race.

A indicates the end frame of the loom and B the sla'yboard or lay bottomof said loom To attain the object of our invention we make use of meanswhereby those of the warp threads 2 which form the body of the I timesas the pattern of the fabric requires and as is carried. out undertheactionsof the jacquard. While the binding warp threads '3 are aloneraised above and carried belowthe central position. i

The warp threads 4 when in theirc entral positlons act in conjunctionwith the warp threads 2 to form the race for the upper shuttle 5. v

Infollowing the method of weaving shown in Fig. 1 the binding warpthreads 3 are preferably operated by two cams or tappets 6 each of thecharacter .shown by Fig. 4',

rotating in the direction indicated by arrow m Fig. 4 and so coupledthat when the runner or tappet bowl operatingone of the said bindingWarp threads is in contact with part 0 of the first cam, the runneroperating the other binding warp thread is in contact with part 7 of thesecond cam. The arrangement is such that when the cams are so placed theone binding warp thread is "in the central position in alignment withthe staffer or body warp thread and the other binding warp thread isdepressed below this point opening the shed beneath the central warpthreads ready for the insertion of the bottom shot of weft. The camsrevolve so that the first runner comes into contact with part 0 of thecam thereby raising the correspondof weft.

ing binding warp thread from the central to the upper position while thesec-0nd runner comes into contact with part 7" of the'second cam therebyraising the corresponding bindingwarp thread from the lower to thecentral position thus opening the shed above the central warp threadsready for the in-v sert-ion of an upper shot of weft. The first runneris next brought into contact with part d of the cam which causes thecorre sponding binding warp thread to fall from the upper to the centralposition while the second runner comes into contact with part 9 of thesecond cam which raises the corresponding binding warp thread to theup-.

per position and opens the shed again above the central warp threadsready for the insertion of the second upper shot The stuflt'er or bodywarp threads 2, and the pile threads l, remain throughout stationary inthe central position except when the selected pile thread 4', is raisedby the design producing mechanism. If desired, when the upper shots ofweftare to be inserted, the binding warp thread beneath the said shotmay be taken to. the lower position instead of to the central positionin which case the form of cam shown by Fig.

4 is not required, two ordinary cams being used instead of the two cams6.

The weave of the fabric as above described is only given as an exampleto show how to avoid operating or raising and lowering the warp threadsoftener than is absolutely necessary to produce said fabric, from whichexample those having a knowledge of this class of weaving willunderstand how the same benefits in the saving of power and theconsequent unnecessary wear or deterioration, may be secured in theproduction of other types or classes of fabric.

It willbe observedthat in order to carry out the weaving operationsdescribed it is necessary that there should be two shuttle races one ofwhich is formed by the station-- ary warp threads 2 and these threads apar allel thereto as is hereinbefore described and through, which is ofthe desired shape to.

suit the angularity of the shuttles walls.

The approved method which we follow'in arranging for the actuating ofthe shuttles 5, 5 over these two'shuttles races consists in making useofa two cell shuttle box 7 and 7 which we fix upon each end of theslayb'oard or lay bottom'B in the usual pothis latter will press uponthe collar sition that .shuttle boxes occupy, the base of the upper cell7 being in alignment with the shuttle race formed by the centrallysituated warp threads while the base of the cell 7 is in alignment withthe upper surface of the slayboard or lay bottom B or the warp threadsnear same or with the grid like ribs B as shown by Figs. 2 and r 3 whichare made use of for the purpose hereinafter explained.

in order tobe enabled to throw or projectthe shuttles 5 and 5? whenarranged as above described, we make use of a picker carrying member 8shown in detail Fig. 9 which will raise the picker 9 (when it reachesthe outermost end of the lower cell 7*) into position and to be inalignment with the upper cell 7 of the shuttle box as is shown by Figs.5 and 'Z. Or by the lowering of said member 8 we may cause the picker 9to descend from the position shown by Figs. 5 and 7 so that it may bebrought into alignment with the lower cell 7 of the shuttle box as isshown by Fig. 8. The raising and lowering of this member 8 from itslower to its higher and from its higher to its lower positions is effected by cam action.

The arrangement which we have found ad vantageous consists of the cam 10(mounted on'the same shaft as the cams 6 so that said cams work inunison) operating the lever 11 which by the rod 12, operates the lever13 fixed to a shaft 14 upon which shaft 14 is fixed another lever 15 sothat by an actuating rod. 16 this latter lever 15 may operate a I lever17 fixed upon a shaft 18 extending from one side of the loom to theother. The shaft 18 has at each of its outer ends a lever 19 (shown by 5and 7) 'fixed upon it, so that each of these levers 19 may be made toengage with a swivelling member 20. Through this swivelling member 20 aconnecting rod 21 is made to slide when com-- pressing the springs 22and 23 as is herein after described.

The rod 21 is pivot-ally connected to the .iember 8 so that when the cam10 operates the levers above described the lever 19 will raise theswivellingmember 20, causing it to press upon the spring 22 so that bythis lat ter pressing upon the collar 22 fixed on the rod'21, it willraise the member 8 to carry the picker 9 into alignment with the cell 7in order that it may operate the shuttle 5.

When the lever 19 descends the member 29 is caused. to press upon thespring 23 thus 23 which is fixed upon the rod 21' by which means the rod21 will move the member'S from its higher to its lower position where itis in alignment with the cell 7 so that the picker 9 may then operatethe shuttle 5.

The springs 22 and 23 are employed inorder to prevent breakage shouldthe picker be held against movement by being caught its ' sprin'g222will yield to permit the 'swi' vel'lin g member." to rise. l1ei'eas'should -the 'lever"-19be descending whilefthe'rod 21 is' held againstmovement then th'e spring 23 between the partition (which asshown individesthecell 7 from tl1 C '1i l and the member 8 by f rcason offhayingpnly partlyenteied sa d'menIbcrS. I "Dtu'mgsuch eventsfsh'ouldthe lever19 be rising'whilethe" rod QIisprevented from doing'soythen the willyield.

' In orderto' ensure perfectalignment' of themember 8 with the cells 7'and T when operated by the rod '21 "we: arrange the lever V 19 totransmit slightly[more'motion 'to the memberQOthan is required bytheimember 8.thu's"when this latter reaches its highest position whereit is arrested by the stop pieces'i24cthe' slightlyifurther movement ofthelet er 191's permitted'by the yielding of the spring22. \V'hen themember 8 reaches itsf lowe'st position where it is arrested by thesupport B 1 then the yielding of the spring permitsthe lever 19tocontinue its downwardmovement a little further; These ieldinmovementsofthes rings22 and23 effectthe adjustments of the mcn'iber 8accuratelywithout requiring the accurateadjustment of the motions of thelever 1.)1

As is well known'th'e orderof picking the shuttles 5, 5 has to becarried out in accordance with the requirements of the weave and Vto'attainthis object we makeuse of the formation of cams known I assectional cams upon'whmh we may mount raisingportions or depressingportions in manner well known and which are" styled in the trade-YVoOdcroft tappetsj or cams. X v In order to guldethe picker 9;along the.cells/T, 7 of the shuttlebox we have guiding groovcsflo-and26*(see Fig.8) formed in a cinemberifizked to the end of the slayboard "or shuttlebox support B so that the outer edge of th'e picker 9 may slide alongsaid grooves 25 and 26while'the other part of thepic-ker may pass alongthe grooves 25 and -26" formedrespectively in the-cells 7 and/W thussaid picker is preventedfrom-tilting and is guided in the desired mannerfor carrying out its respective functions of propelling the J shuttle 5'along the race formed by the cent-ral warp threads or of propelling theshuttle 5 along the race or path formed by the laybottom or slayboard B.

The arrangement of the picking mechanism which we employ is preferablyof the under pick type as is shown by the drawings and when making useof this under pick type in conjunction with a slayb'oard which ismounted upon double layswords so that the cells 7, 7 of the shuttle boxare always kept. in a vertical position notwithstanding their backwardand forward. movement, we then arrange the picking stick 27 to have itsupper end 27 pivoted upon it at 2') as shown *b -rigsis; and s. Thiswefin'd advise geousinorder tokeep the upper endZT O'f Y said pickingstick 27in alignment with a vertical plane paralleltoithe plane inwhich" v ing the'difference of theoscill'ationsof the 5 *lower ends: ofthe picking sticks about one 1 theipells 7i and 7 aresituatednotwithstand centreof oscillati on of the *layswords and theoscillations of the? two cells'7' nd 7a hi h- (by the employment of two:pairs of swords) are kept in a vertical position.

The picking-mechanisn1'we employ is 0p- V erated by thepicking strap 28and may be" of any" well known description provided means are affordedby such picklng' mecha 'nism'for controlling the intermittent actionsofthe picking sticks 2'7 according to there quirementsof the fabricthat'is being woven.

o have hereinbefore describeda method" of making use of'two cells 7,"7ffor :thetwo different' shuttles 5 and 5*? with'the member.

8 whiclris'arranged to slide and' be guided" at -theyouter end of saidcells'l', 7 in order to raise the picker 9 from one plane to another 7or to'depress same from thejupperipl'ane'to" the lower as is described'.In this arrange=' ment we make use of two "different shuttles one '5having the'contour of its outer surfaces at the desired anglest'omeet-the' requirements: of the upper-shuttlerace whilst the other 5 1has itssaid surface atianother angle to suit' the requirementsof theshuttle race formed by" the slayboard orlaybot-tom B as shown by Fig. 1.,However, we may 1nake use of one shuttle and arrange-the shuttle-boxwhich r receives same to rise and fall or be operated by any appropriateshuttle box operating mechanism mounted in position to move such the endB ofthe slayboard in manner 11 shuttlebOX which is mounted to slide overknown, instead of having the fixed cells 7,7?

mounted thereon thusfin this latter case the shuttle boX' will bemovablein a vertical dil rection to raise the shuttle from a lowerposition opp'ositethe shuttler'a'ce on the lay B to 'the hi'gherposition opposite the shuttle.

race over the central warpthreadsTatthe same time also carrying with itthe picker 9 which hastooperate the shuttle.

v To enable us thus to use one shuttle alone we arrange the lay B tohave grid like ribsmeans for guiding the body Warp threads 1 in apredetermined central substantially horlzontal path and maintalnmg suchthreads without shedding movements, means for guiding binding Warpthreads in 00- threads without shedding operative relation ,to the bodythreads,

means for raising and depressing said bindng warp threads to form a shedwith the body. threads, a shuttle arranged to travel from side to sidethrough the shed over the body warp threads, another shuttle ar: rangedto travel irom side to side through the shed under the bodywarp=tl1reads, a stationary shuttle box, two cells on each side oftheloom to receive said shuttles, a

picker arranged to actuate said shuttles, and

means for raising and lowering said picker so that at one time it willbe-in position to throw the shuttle from the upper cell Of the shuttlebox, and at another time will be serve as a shuttle race, means forraising and depressing binding warp threads to form sheds, respectively,above and below said body threads, a shuttle adapted to travelfronr-side' to side through the shed above the body warp threads,another shuttle arranged to travel from side to side through the shedunder the body warp threads, a reiatively stationary shuttle box havingtwosuperposed cells at opposite sides of the looms to receive saidshuttles, a swinging picking stick, a picker mounted on the upperportion of said stick and adapted to actuate said shuttles, and meansfor positively raising and lowering the picker on the picker stick sothat at one time the picker will be in position to throw the shuttlefrom the upper stationary cell of the shuttle box, and another time willbe in position to throw the shuttle from the lower cell of the shuttleboX.

3. A loom comprising, in combination,

means for guiding the body warp threads in a predetermined centralsubstantially horizontal .path, and maintaining such threads without,shedding movement to serve as a shuttle race, means for-raising anddepressing binding warp threads to form V movement to H sheds,respectively, aboveand below said body threads, a. shuttleadaptedtotravel from side tov sidc through the shed above the shed under the bodywarp threads, a, relatively st-atlonary shuttle'box having two the bodywarp threads, another shuttle ar ranged to traveltrom side to sidethrough.

superposed cells at opposite sides of they loom to receive saidshuttles, a swinging picker stick, a picker mounted on the upper portionoi said stick and adapted to actuate said shuttles, and means forpositively ralsmg and lowering the picker on the poker ,stickincludingcushioning means for limit ing the movement of the picker in eitherdirection, so that at one time thei picker Wlll be in position to throwthe shuttle from the upper stationary cell of the shuttle box, andanother time will be in position to throw the shuttle from the lowercell of the shuttle box. e'

i. A loom comprising, in combination, means :tor guiding the body warpthreads in a predetermined central substantially hori' zontal path, andmaintaining such threads without shedding movement, means for raisingand depressing binding warp threads to tormsheds, respectively-above andbelow said body threads, a shuttle adapted to travel from side to sidethrough the shed above the body warp threads, another shuttle arrangedto travel from side to side through the shed {under the body warpthreads, a relatively stationary shuttle box having twosuperposed cellsat opposite sides of the loom to receive said shuttles, a swingingpicking stick comprising two members pivotally con nected, a pickerembracing the upper pivotal section of the picking isticln'm eans formoving said picker vertically so thatat one time it will be in positionto throw the shuttle from the upper cell or the shuttle box, and'atanother time it will be lowered to throw the shuttle trom the lower cellof he shuttle'bom and spring means cushioning the vertical movement ofthe picker in either direction. e 7

JOHN ERNEST GROSVENOB. WILLIAM THOMAS PICKING.

